我們的世界中，許多文化衝突已成為無可迴避的事實，但人們對於和平的渴望也因此更為強烈了。讓我們隨著 Jackie Jenkins 一起探索孟加拉、緬甸、到非洲的賴索托的招呼語背後究竟藏有甚麼玄機！
Jackie Jenkins 在聯合國國際學校（United Nations International School）工作。這所學校提供國際性的教育、並希望學生們不因國際化的教學和環境而忘本，十分強調各文化中的傳統的延續。身為教育者的 Jackie Jenkins 在這支繽紛的動畫中僅口述了幾種與和平有關的招呼語，但在畫面中其實藏有不少象徵和平的標誌，例如和平鴿、YEAH的手勢、嬉皮反戰標誌等等，各位讀者不妨看看你能辨認出幾個吧！
註：
由於TED-Ed官方還在進行網站與影片的中文化，目前尚未開放有中文字幕的TED-Ed影片。如果對完整中文稿有興趣，以下是我們為您準備的影片中英對照稿，敬請參考：
If you think of culture as an iceberg, only a small fraction of it is visible. Food, flags, and festivals, which are often talked about in schools, are the visible parts that we rightly celebrate. However, only when we look deeper, under the water, are we able to focus on the common values that connect us.
文化就像座冰山，只有一小部份顯露在海平面上。我們在校園中時常討論到的食物、國旗、和節慶是我們看得見並歌頌的，但只有當我們觀察海平面下更深層的部分，我們才能夠發現連結各個文化的共同底藴。
In what seems to be an increasingly troubled world, where social and political systems are being stretched, conflict within and between countries is at times heightened, while human rights are being ignored, this desire for peace grows ever stronger. Sometimes we see this common value emerging above the surface and becoming visible.
儘管身處於這個看似越來越混亂的世界，社會和政治系統被濫用、國內衝突和國與國之間衝突與日俱增、人權被忽略，人們對於「和平」的渴望卻越發濃烈。有時候，我們甚至能看見不同文化背後共同的價值從海底浮上表面、漸漸為人所知。
For example, it is part of everyday language used when people greet one another and welcome the new day. In many parts of the Arab world and parts of south Asia, such as Bangladesh for example, the greeting of “as-salamu alaykum” can be translated to “peace be with you.” The same is true as you walk through markets or into schools each morning in India, or Nepal, or Bhutan, where greetings of “namaste,” which has not only a strong message of peace- “the spirit in me greets the spirit in you” – but also its physical gesture, the palms brought together slowly at the heart, to honor a special place in each of us.
舉例來說，人們每天都會互相問好並互道早安。在許多阿拉伯國家和南亞地區，像是孟加拉，打招呼時說的 “as-salamu alaykum” 就是「和平與你同在」的意思。而當你在印度、尼泊爾、不丹的早晨穿越市集或走進學校，打招呼時說的 “namaste” 不只有個濃烈的和平祝福：「我內在的靈祝福你內在的靈」，打招呼的手勢也富有意義：雙手慢慢合起並置於胸口前，便是要讚美我們的心，我們每個人最獨特的地方。
In Myanmar, greetings of “mingalarbar” are met by bowing monks as they internalize a message where others add blessing to enhance the auspiciousness of the moment, or by giggling children as they scurry off to school. After many hours of hiking through the mountains of Lesotho, surrounded by the tranquility and rugged terrain, you are likely to meet a herdboy who has slept the night in a vacant rondoval and bellows out greetings of “lumela” or “khotso”, which means “peace be with you.”
在緬甸，僧侶用鞠躬作為招呼、或是孩童們着趕往學校的咯咯笑聲，便是將眾人祝福這些吉利時刻所說的 “mingalarbar” 內化到行動中。而在行走過 Lesotho 山林數小時、被靜謐的山林和崎嶇的地勢包圍時，你很可能會遇上一個前晚在空茅屋過夜的牧羊男孩大聲喝道：”lumela” 或 “khotso”，代表着：「和平與你同在」。
If you took a moment to research further the meanings behind “shalom,” or the Korean greeting, you would find that they too have deeply-seated connections to peace. However, they have become quick comments made to welcome, greet, and say hello, and in this overuse, have likely lost the focus that was originally intended when put into practice hundreds or thousands of years ago.
In highlighting this simple evidence of ingrained behavior, we can create the necessary shift in thinking needed to incorporate flexibility and open-mindedness in us all when looking at the globalization of the world.
如果你仔細研究的 “shalom” 或是其他韓國的招呼用語，你也會發現他們的文化也與和平根深蒂固的連結。然而，最近他們大量地使用這個招呼語，使得千百年前使用這些詞彙時的意念逐漸模糊。當我們注重這些簡單的證據、證明我們行為背後的共通價值，那麼我們在面對全球化時，將能富有彈性、心胸也將更包容開放!
來源 > 撰稿及翻譯：劉耘 | 影片：Jackie Jenkins: Greeting the World in Peace